Python之虚拟环境

简介

virtualenv可以搭建虚拟且独立的python运行环境, 使得单个项目的运行环境与其它项目独立起来.

项目实践

[root@linux-node8 ~]# pip install virtualenv
Collecting virtualenv
  Downloading virtualenv-15.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.8MB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.8MB 600kB/s
Installing collected packages: virtualenv
Successfully installed virtualenv-15.1.0
[root@linux-node8 ~]# virtualenv test1              # 创建虚拟环境
New python executable in /root/test1/bin/python2
Also creating executable in /root/test1/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done.
[root@linux-node8 ~]# source test1/bin/activate     # 进入虚拟环境目录
(test1) [root@linux-node8 ~]# ls -l
total 8
-rw-------. 1 root root 1086 Feb 26  2017 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  424 Mar  2 04:43 requirements.txt
drwxr-xr-x  5 root root   77 Mar  2 04:57 test1
(test1) [root@linux-node8 ~]# deactivate          # 退出虚拟环境
[root@linux-node8 ~]#


[root@linux-node8 ~]# virtualenv --system-site-packages test2   # 默认情况下, 虚拟环境中不包括系统的site-packages, 若要使用请添加参数
New python executable in /root/test2/bin/python2
Also creating executable in /root/test2/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done.
[root@linux-node8 ~]# source test2/bin/activate
(test2) [root@linux-node8 ~]# pip freeze >1.txt
(test2) [root@linux-node8 ~]# cat 1.txt
backports.ssl-match-hostname==3.4.0.2
chardet==2.2.1
configobj==4.7.2
.............
urlgrabber==3.10
virtualenv==15.1.0
yum-metadata-parser==1.1.4
(test2) [root@linux-node8 ~]# deactivate